BCA3030 -UNDERSTANDING PC & TROUBLE SHOOTING

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Assignment

PROGRAM	BCA(REVISED FALL 2012)
SEMESTER	3
SUBJECT CODE & NAME	BCA3030 -UNDERSTANDING PC & TROUBLE SHOOTING
CREDIT	4
BK ID	B1416
MAX.MARKS	60

1. Describe any 5 features of Architectural Performance

Answer : Modern computer performance is often described in MIPS per MHz (millions of instructions per millions of cycles of clock speed). This measures the efficiency of the architecture at any clock speed. Since a faster clock can make a faster computer, this is a useful, widely applicable measurement. Historic computers had MIPs/MHz as low as 0.1 (See instructions per second). Simple modern processors easily reach near 1. Superscalar processors may reach three to five by executing several instructions per clock cycle. Multicore and vector processing CPUs can multiply this further by acting on a lot of data per instruction, which have several CPUs executing in parallel.

Counting machine language instructions would be misleading because they can do varying amounts of work in different ISAs. The "instruction" in the s

2. Briefly explain the any 5 types of RAM?

Answer : The following are some common types of RAM:

1)      SRAM: Static random access memory uses multiple transistors, typically four to six, for each memory cell but doesn't have a capacitor in each cell. It is used primarily for cache.

2)      FPM DRAM: Fast page mode dynamic random access memory was the original form of DRAM. It waits through the entire process of locating a bit of data by column and row and then reading the bit before it starts on the next bit. Maximum transfer rate to L2 cache is approximately 176 MBps.

3)      EDO DRAM: Extended data-out dynamic random access memory does not wait for all of the processing of the first bit before continuing to the next one. As soon as the address of the first bit is located, EDO

3. What are the steps performed before deciding whether the Motherboard needs to be replaced or repaired? Explain

Answer : One of the worst things that can happen to your laptop is the motherboard failure often resulting into laptop motherboard repair. If the motherboard is damaged and is beyond repair, you would definitely need to consider buying a new laptop. This is of course necessary as the motherboard of a laptop is very expensive and not covered by a warranty, so the better option would be to buy a new laptop.

4. List the different PCI signals along with their functions?

Answer : The PCI bus is the de-facto standard bus for current-generation personal computers. The mainadvantages for embedded applications like the STT are:

·         direct implementation in FPGAs (no data buffers or glue chips)

·         efficient protocol ("data burst" is the standard transfer)

·         ready availability of development

5. Explain the process of configuring the standard CMOS setup

Answer : Step-by-Step CMOS/BIOS Configuration

The A+ Certification exam will test your knowledge of basic CMOS/BIOS configuration. To help you prepare for the exam, this section covers the most important portions of the CMOS/BIOS setup process.

To start the CMOS setup process, press the correct key(s) during the bootstrap process or run the setup program from hard disk or floppy disk after the computer has started. On virtually all systems built since the early 1990s, you'll start with a menu screen, as shown in Figure 3.6. This menu, as well as the contents of the screens listed, will vary according to your BIOS brand, version, and motherboard type.

6. Describe the guidelines while troubleshooting the problem in the hard drive.

Answer : Problems that occur when you have just installed a hard drive are almost always a simple matter of a bad or incorrectly connected cable, incorrect jumper settings, or some similar trivial problem. If a newly installed drive isn't recognized by the system, turn off the system. Check the cables make sure that they're aligned properly and seated completely and replace them if necessary. Make sure that the drive has power, and restart the system.

When a functioning drive fails or begins returning read or write errors, there are many possible causes. Take the following steps to isolate the

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