MB0045- FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT


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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
WINTER 2013
PROGRAM
MBADS/ MBAFLEX/ MBAHCSN3/ MBAN2/ PGDBAN2
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
MB0045- FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
SEMESTER
2
BK ID
B1628
CREDITS
4
MARKS
60


Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.



1 Capitalisation of a firm refers to the composition of its long –term funds debt and equity. Discuss the theories of capitalization.

Answer : Capitalisation of a firm refers to the composition of its long-term funds and its capital structure. It has two components – Debt and Equity.
After estimating the financial requirements of a firm, the next decision that the management has to take is to arrive at the value at which the company has to be capitalised.
There are two theories of capitalisation for the new companies:
1.       Cost theory
2.       Earnings theory

2 A) The share of Megha Ltd is sold at Rs 500 a share. The dividend likely to be declared by the company after one year is Rs 25 per share. Hence, the price after one year is expected to be Rs 550. What is the return at the end of the year on the basis of likely dividend and price per share?

Answer : The share of Megha Ltd
Holding period return = (D1 +


B) A bond of face value of Rs 1000 and a maturity of 3 years pays 15% interest annually. What is the market price of the bond if YTM is also 15 %.
Answer : Solution:

P = Int*PVIFA (15%, 3y) + Redemption




3 Discuss the sources of capital of a company. Analyse the factors that affect the capital structure.

Answer : Common sources of capital for small businesses include:
Grants and incentives
There is a wide variety of grants and incentives available to help eligible small businesses grow in New Zealand.

Business lenders



4 A project costs Rs 50,000. It is expected to generate cash inflows as shown in table. If the risk free rate is 10%, compute NPV.

Year
Cash inflows
Certainty equivalent
1
32000
0.9
2
27000
0.6
3
20000
0.5
4
10000
0.3

Answer : Solution:-




5 a) Annual demand of a company is 30,000 units. The ordering cost per order is Rs 20 (fixed) along with a carrying cost og Rs 10 per unit per anum. The purchase cost per unit i.e., price per unit is Rs 32 per unit. Determine EOQ, total number of orders in a year and the time gap between two orders.
Answer :




6 Discuss the dividend policy of Dabur India Ltd for the last three years.

Answer : Dabur India Ltd for the last three years

10-28-2013
Dabur India Ltd has informed BSE that a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Company will be held on October 28, 2013, inter alia, to consider and approve the audited financial results for the Half Year ended on September 30, 2013 (Q2). With reference to the earlier announcement dated October 03, 2013 with respect to financial

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MB0042 – Managerial Economics


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 ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
WINTER 2013
PROGRAM
MBADS/ MBAFLEX/ MBAHCSN3/ MBAN2/ PGDBAN2
SEMESTER
1
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
MB0042 – Managerial Economics
BK ID
B1625
Credit and Max. Marks
4 credits; 60 marks

Note – Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.


1 “Most of the firms spend considerable amounts of money on advertisement”. Explain advertising elasticity of demand and its practical applications in this context.

Answer : The impact of an increase in advertising expenditures has on sales varies by industry. For example, a commercial for a fairly inexpensive good, such as a hamburger, may result in a quick bump in sales. On the other hand, advertising a piece of jewelry may not see a pay back for a period of time because the good is expensive and is less likely to be purchased hastily.

Because a number of outside factors, such as the state of the economy and consumer tastes, may also result in a change in the

2 Explain production function in detail.

Answer : A production function shows the relationship between inputs of capital and labor and other factors and the outputs of goods and services.

Production of goods requires resources or inputs. These inputs are called factors of production named as land, labour, capital and organization. What ss Production Function in Economics with one or two variables input. A rational producer is always interested that he should get the maximum output from the set of resources or inputs


3 Explain Marris’ Growth Maximisation Model in detail.

Answer : Profit maximization is traditional objective of a firm. Sales maximization objective is explained by Prof. Boumal. On similar lines, Prof. Marris has developed another alternative growth maximization model in recent years. It is a common factor to observe that each firm aims at maximizing its growth rate as this goal would answer

4 Explain Price –output determination under monopoly.
Answer : Monopoly is that market form in which a single producer controls the whole supply of a single commodity which has no close substitute.

From this definition there are two points that must be noted:
(i)    Single Producer: There must be only one producer who may be an individual, a partnership firm or a joint stock company. Thus single firm constitutes the industry. The distinction between firm and industry disappears under conditions of monopoly.
(ii)   No Close Substitute: The commodity


5 “Investment is the second important component of effective demand”. Explain investment function.
Answer : An investment function is a concept or strategy within economics that helps to identify the connection between shifts in the national income and the investment patterns that take place within that particular national economy. In this type of situation, a function would be any variable within the framework of the economy that would motivate investors to change their typical buying and selling habits as a means of either taking

6 Write short notes on:
a) Monetary Policy
Answer :Monetary policy, measures employed by governments to influence economic activity, specifically by manipulating the supplies of money and credit and by altering rates of interest.

The usual goals of monetary policy are to achieve or maintain full employment, to achieve or maintain a high rate of economic growth, and to stabilize prices and wages. Until the early 20th century, monetary policy was thought by most experts to be of little use in influencing the economy. Inflationary trends after World War II,

b) Physical policy or direct controls
 Answer : The control of inflation has become one of the dominant objectives of government economic policy in many countries. Effective policies to control inflation need to focus on the underlying causes of inflation in the economy. For example if the main cause is excess demand for goods and services, then government policy should look to reduce the level of aggregate demand. If cost-push inflation is the root cause, production costs need to be controlled for the problem to be reduced.
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MK0018– International Marketing


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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
WINTER 2013
PROGRAM
MBADS – (SEM 4/SEM 6) MBAN2 / MBAFLEX – (SEM 4)
PGDROMN – (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
MK0018– International Marketing
SEMESTER
4
BK ID
B1199
CREDITS
4
MARKS
60


Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

1 Discuss the different management orientations of a company. How does it affect international marketing?
Answer : Marketing Concept
One of the five marketing management orientations is the marketing concept. The marketing concept is based on the belief that a company must create, deliver and market products more efficiently than the competition in order to turn a profit. To implement this concept, managers focus on researching the target market and customer's needs along with marketing the product in an integrated manner.



2 It is very important to analyze the politico- legal environment of a country in international business. Comment.
Answer : Getting acquainted with how politics and law affect business activities around the world is a critical concern of today’s successful global organizations. Especially in the past ten years, there have been substantial political changes around the world that have shaped business operations. New markets have opened, old ones have closed, and the level of uncertainty that exists presents many marketing challenges. Below I will discuss some of most important political and legal issues that are faced when doing business across borders.



3 Compare GATT and WTO and discuss the implications of WTO on international marketing.
Answer : For several decades, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade was applied on a provisional basis. It was a multilateral agreement containing rules relating to trade in goods, and although it operated like a permanent agreement, it was without a permanent institutional framework, and was serviced by an ad hoc Secretariat. The WTO now provides a permanent institutional framework for the multilateral trading system, with its own Secretariat. In addition, the WTO not only covers trade in goods, as the GATT rules did, but also trade in services and trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights. Also



4 Nestle is marketing bottled water to Pakistan. Which segmentation it adopts there and what are the other international market segmentations?

Answer : INTERNATIONAL MARKET SEGMENTATION
Market segmentation is the process in marketing of dividing a market into distinct subsets (segments) that behave in the same way or have similar needs. Because each segment is fairly homogeneous in their needs and attitudes, they are likely to respond similarly to a given marketing strategy. That is, they are likely to have similar feelings and ideas about a marketing mix comprised of a given product or service, sold at a given price, distributed in a certain way, and promoted in a certain way. Broadly, markets can be divided


5 Write short notes on:

a) International packaging
Answer : Packaging is defined in the regulations as "all products made of any materials of any nature to be used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery and preservation of goods from the producer to the user or consumer."

This applies where the product is one of the following:

·         'Primary' or 'Sales' packaging is packaging which forms a sales unit for the user or final consumer, for example, a box containing



6 Select a product of your choice for export and explain how you will do the pricing and costing of that product.
Answer : Before doing the pricing and costing of a product we need to know below things :

WHAT IS COSTING?

Costing is the way the entrepreneur calculates or works out how much each individual product (goods or service) costs to produce or sell.
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MK0017-E-Marketing


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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
WINTER 2013
PROGRAM
MBADS – (SEM 4/SEM 6) MBAN2 / MBAFLEX – (SEM 4)
PGDROMN – (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
MK0017-E-Marketing
SEMESTER
4
BK ID
B1810
CREDITS
4
MARKS
60


Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.


1 Elaborate the e-marketing techniques used for various marketing activities.

Answer : Implementing effective e-marketing strategies ensures that a websites gains maximum long-term exposure across the Web. The effects of various e-marketing strategies and techniques differ, but combining most of them gives the optimal long term results.

BANNER ADVERTISING
Banner advertising was one of the first online marketing strategies, both on websites across the Web, and search engines. Whether the banner ad is on well known quality websites or search engines, the principle is the same: clicking on the



2 “Motivation to buy a product is crucial part of studies in online consumer behaviour”. Explain

Explanation of types of buying behaviour
Answer : Definition of Buying Behavior:
Buying Behavior is the decision processes and acts of people involved in buying and using products.
Need to understand:

·         why consumers make the purchases that they make?
·         what factors influence consumer purchases?
·         the changing factors in our society.



3 “A website has to be designed to showcase the company and its products”.


Answer :  Creating a website basically involves the following 3 steps:

STEP 1: REGISTER A DOMAIN NAME

Before you even think about building your website, you should register a domain name. A domain name is the thing that looks like this: "yourdomain.com".

Your domain name represents the URL (or permanent web address) of your website. Therefore, when anyone types in "yourdomain.com" or "www.yourdomain.com", they will see your website.

You register your domain name through a domain name registrar or hosting provider. You simply check that your preferred domain name is available,


4 Explain 2P+2C+3S Formula in E-Marketing with the help of a diagram.
Answer : e-Marketing is still quite a controversial subject to talk about, since no one succeeded to unify the various theories around it; however there is one thing upon which there is no doubt – that e-Marketing first appeared under the form of various techniques deployed by pioneer companies selling their products via the internet in the early 90's.

e-Marketing Strategy

The e-Marketing Strategy is normally based and built upon the principles that govern the traditional, offline Marketing – the well-known 4 P's (Product – Price – Promotion – Positioning) that form the classic Marketing mix. Add the extra 3 P's (People – Processes – Proof) and you got the whole extended Marketing mix.

Until here, there are no much aspects to differentiate e-Marketing from the traditional Marketing performed offline: the extended Marketing mix (4 3 P's) is built around the concept of "transactional" and its elements perform transactional functions defined by the exchange paradigm. What gives e-Marketing its uniqueness is a series of specific functions, relational functions, that can be synthesized in the 2P 2C 3S formula: Personalization, Privacy, Customer Service, Community, Site, Security, Sales Promotion.

These 7 functions of the e-Marketing stay at the base of any e-Marketing strategy and they have a moderating character, unlike the classic Marketing mix that comprises situational functions only. Moderating functions of e-Marketing have the quality of moderate, operate upon all situational functions of the mix (the classic 4 P's) and upon each other.

1. Personalization
The fundamental concept of personalization as a part of the e-Marketing mix lies in the need of recognizing, identifying a certain customer in order to establish relations (establishing relations is a fundamental objective of Marketing). It is crucial to be able to identify our customers on individual level and gather all possible information about them, with the purpose of knowing our market and be able to develop customized, personalized products and services.
Personalization can be applied to any component of the Marketing mix; therefore, it is a moderating function.

2. Privacy
Privacy is an element of the mix very much connected to the previous one – personalization. When we gather and store information about our customers and potential customers (therefore, when we perform the personalization part of the e-Marketing mix) a crucial issue arises: that of the way this information will be used, and by whom. A major task to do when implementing an e-Marketing strategy is that of creating and developing a policy upon access procedures to the collected information.
Privacy is even more important when establishing the e-Marketing mix since there are many regulations and legal aspects to be considered regarding collection and usage of such information.

3. Customer Service
Customer service is one of the necessary and required activities among the support functions needed in transactional situations.
We will connect the apparition of the customer service processes to the inclusion of the "time" parameter in transactions. When switching from a situational perspective to a relational one, and e-Marketing is mostly based on a relational perspective, the marketer saw himself somehow forced into considering support and assistance on a non-temporal level, permanently, over time.

4. Community
We can all agree that e-Marketing is conditioned by the existence of this impressive network that the internet is. The merely existence of such a network implies that individuals as well as groups will eventually interact. A group of entities that interact for a common purpose is what we call a "community" and we will soon see why it is of absolute importance to participate, to be part of a community.


Interactions among members of such a community can address any of the other functions of e-Marketing, so it can be placed next to other moderating functions.

5. Site
We have seen and agreed that e-Marketing interactions take place on a digital media – the internet. But such interactions and relations also need a proper location, to be available at any moment and from any place – a digital location for digital interactions.

Such a location is what we call a "site", which is the most widespread name for it. It is now the time to mention that the "website" is merely a form of a "site" and should not be mistaken or seen as synonyms. The "site" can take other forms too, such as a Palm Pilot or any other handheld device, for example.

6. Security
The "security" function emerged as an essential function of e-Marketing once transactions began to be performed through internet channels.
What we need to keep in mind as marketers are the following two issues on security:

-          security during transactions performed on our website, where we have to take all possible precautions that third parties will not be able to access any part of a developing transaction;

-          security of data collected and stored, about our customers and visitors.

7. Sales Promotion
At least but not last, we have to consider sales promotions when we build an e-Marketing strategy. Sales promotions are widely used in traditional Marketing as well, we all know this, and it is an excellent efficient strategy to achieve immediate sales goals in terms of volume.

To conclude, we have seen that e-Marketing implies new dimensions to be considered aside of those inherited from the traditional Marketing. These dimensions revolve around the concept of relational functions and they are a must to be included in any e-Marketing strategy in order for it to be efficient and deliver results.




5 “Businesses are always looking to develop new sales and distribution channels to maximize profitability and growth”. Explain

Explanation of role of distribution 10 10
Answer : THE IMPORTANCE OF CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION

A) There are hundreds of thousands of marketing intermediaries whose job it is to help move goods from the raw-material state to producers and then on to consumers.

1) MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES are


6 Write short notes on:

a) Sales Force Automation
Answer : Sales force automation (SFA) software is a type of program that automates business tasks such as inventory control, sales processing, and tracking of customer interactions, as well as analyzing sales forecasts and performance. Businesses may have a custom version developed specifically for their needs, or choose from among the increasing number of sales automation software products, such as Interact Commerce's


b) Customer Loyalty
Answer : There are many definitions of customer loyalty. Yet each of them fails to realize that loyalty runs hand-in-hand with emotions. Customer loyalty is the result of consistently positive emotional experience, physical attribute-based satisfaction and perceived value of an experience, which includes the product or services.

Consider who you yourself are loyal to. Surely you’ll answer family and friends. Why? Because of the emotional bond you have with them. Your family

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MK0016-Advertising Management and Sales Promotion


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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
WINTER 2013
PROGRAM
MBADS – (SEM 4/SEM 6) MBAN2 / MBAFLEX – (SEM 4)
PGDROMN – (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
MK0016-Advertising Management and Sales Promotion

SEMESTER
4
BK ID
B1809
CREDITS
4
MARKS
60


Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

1 Do you agree that humour content in advertisement leads to better results? Support your view with examples.

Explanation of statement

Examples
Answer : Prior investigations of the impact of humor on advertising message comprehension have generally found humorous commercials to be no more effective than comparable serious messages. This study re-examines humor's influence by focusing on type of humor measurement (manipulated vs. perceived) and humor location in the advertisement. Findings indicate that humor (in the form of a one-line joke) does promote message comprehension, and offer support for information processing and operant conditioning


2 Experts have found that consumers often respond to messages in a hierarchical order of behaviour. Throw light on communication response hierarchy in this context.

Answer : A consumer is the ultimate user of a product or service. The overall consumer market consists of all buyers of goods and services for personal or family use, more than 270 million people (including children) spending trillions of dollars in the United States as of the late 1990s.

Consumer behavior essentially refers to how and why people make the purchase decisions they do. Marketers strive to understand this behavior so they can better formulate appropriate marketing stimuli that will result in increased sales and


3 Explain the role of a media planner and media buyer.

Answer : Media planners identify the best mix of media channels to deliver an advertising message to a clients' target audience. Using research data, they consider what is going to be most effective within the budget allocated and give the client's product or service maximum exposure.

Media planners discuss advertising strategy with their clients, analyse and research the target audience's character, advise the creative team and clients about the most effective media combination and present media proposals.




4 Explain the strengths and limitations of direct marketing. List few products which are suitable for direct marketing.

Explanation of strengths

Explanation of Weaknesses

Listing of products suitable
Answer : Explanation of strengths
This, apparently, confuses some people, since I also work in and write about branding, which they don't think belongs with marketing, but rather with advertising. In case anyone has missed my broken-record comment, branding belongs just as much--if not more--to marketing as it does to advertising. Branding is about relationships, and relationships get created, nurtured, and leveraged by marketers.

But this week I want to get more specific about the role of marketing in the branding effort. I want to get you all thinking about what an excellent partner direct marketing is in the branding effort.

Why? Because I think that it is high tim



5 “Kids are the new age customers”. Do you agree with this statement? Explain Brat Power in this connection.

Answer : Some kids can get whatever they want by screaming at their parents until they give in. "I want a pony" is one common demand of these types.



6 Write short notes on:

a) Stereotyping in advertisement
Answer : Marketers are constantly seeking ways to make their products more easily identifiable to specific groups of end users. In some cases, they may intentionally or unintentionally use stereotyping to show a product as appealing to their desired target market or in an attempt to interject humor into the ad. Advertising stereotypes are often race- or gender-based in nature.

Child Gender Roles


b) Regulation governing Broadcast Media Advertising

Answer : By contrast to the press, radio and television broadcasting were subject from the beginning to high levels of restriction, sometimes involving public control approaching a condition of censorship. The general concept of social responsibility and public interest lies at the core of the broadcasting model, although there are several variants as well as weaker (as in the USA) or stronger forms (as in Europe). The main difference is between systems that are within public ownership and control and those that operate commercially, but subject to licensing conditions and public scrutiny.

The main reasons for the high regulation of broadcasting

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