Elective: Financial Management (Part - 1)

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National Institute of Business Management

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EMBA/ MBA

Elective: Financial Management (Part - 1)

Attend any 4 questions.  Each question carries 25 marks

(Each answer should be of minimum 2 pages / of 300 words)

1.Explain the principles of measuring capital earnings.

Answer : The investment proposals from various operating units are invited periodically to determine the demand for capital.  The operation units or departments in production, marketing and service activities have to discover and create profitable opportunities for capital expenditures. The discovery and development of good investment proposals requires continuous and project based efforts. Certain departments specialize in this role. The research and development department creates opportunities in the new products, in improved products, and in improved technology. Industrial engineering department's efficiency and productivity improvement projects provide cost reduction investment projects. Equipment vendors keep developing new equipment and thereby create profitable investment opportunities. Opportunities arise in expansion of marketing channels and even advertising that expands potential market size for the company.

Principles for Measuring Capital Earnings

Capital investments are made because of

2.Write a descriptive account on Budget and Budgetary Control.

Answer : The management is efficient  if  it is able to accomplish the objectives of the enterprise it is effective when it accomplish the objectives with minimum effort and most in attain long-rang efficiency and systematic approach in facilitate effective management performance is profit planning and control or budgeting. Budgeting is therefore an integral part historical combination of a “goal setting machine for increasing an enterprises profits and a goal setting machine for facilitating generation coordination  and planning

3.Discuss in detail the classification of accounting ratio.

Answer : Neither the number of ratios is limited nor the purpose of analysis is uniform. Therefore set of ratios required will depend upon the purpose of analysis; type of data available to the analyst etc. In general, the accounting ratios may be classified on the following basis. Classification is not exclusive and may be overlapping in certain cases.

Ø  Traditional Classification of Ratios:

This is traditional method of classifying ratios. Under this category, ratios are classified into:

1. Balance Sheet or Position Statement ratios:

4.Describe the main Financial Statements.

Answer :  Financial Statements represent a formal record of the financial activities of an entity. These are written reports that quantify the financial strength, performance and liquidity of a company. Financial Statements reflect the financial effects of business transactions and events on the entity.

Four Types of Financial Statements

The four main types of financial statements are:

Statement of Financial Position

Statement of Financial Position, also known as the Balance Sheet, presents the financial position of an entity at a given date. It is comprised of the following three elements:

·         Assets: Something a business owns or controls (e.g. cash, inventory, plant and machinery, etc)

·         Liabilities: Something a

5. Examine the detail concept of controllership.

Answer :

6.Explain the conditions essential for effective physical control.

Answer :

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25 x 4=100 marks