Quality Systems Management (Part – 1)

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National Institute of Business Management

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Quality Systems Management (Part – 1)

Attend any 4 questions.  Each question carries 25 marks

(Each answer should be of minimum 2 pages / of 300 words)

Q. 1.       Explain the concept and control variables, attributes of statistical Quality Control.

Answer:The application of statistical techniques to measure and evaluate the quality of a product, service, or process.

Two basic categories:

I. Statistical process control (SPC): - the application of statistical techniques to determine whether a process is functioning as desired

II. Acceptance Sampling:- the application of statistical techniques to determine whether a population of items should be accepted or rejected based on inspection of a sample of those items.

Quality Measurement: Attributes vs Variables

Attributes:Characteristics that are measured as either "

Q. 2.       Explain the relationship between process capability and specification limits.

Answer:Process capability compares the output of an in-control process to the specification limits by using capability indices. The comparison is made by forming the ratio of the spread between the process specifications (the specification "width") to the spread of the process values, as measured by 6 process standard deviation units (the process "width"). A process capability index uses both the process variability and the process specifications to determine whether the process is "capable" We are often required to compare the output of a stable process with the process specifications and make a statement about how well the process meets specification.  To do this we compare the natural variability of a stable process with the process specification limits. 

A process where almost all the measurements fall inside the specification limits is a capable process. This can be represented pictorially by the plot below:

Q. 3.       Write a descriptive account on the characteristics of a good acceptance plan.

Answer:Acceptance sampling has been in general use for well over 60 years (Montgomery, 1997). Therefore, the theoretical underpinnings behind acceptance sampling are well proven. The key is then to appropriately apply acceptance sampling and its associated statistics to the pavement construction industry to create a viable overall plan. Correct application involves proper implementation of the following acceptance sampling components:

·         Acceptance sampling type

·         Quality characteristics

·         Specification limits

·         Statistical model

·         Quality level goals

·         Risk

·         Pay factors

Q. 4.       Explain the Quality Policy dimensions related to quality of products.

Answer:

Q. 5.       Write an essay on Quality Characteristics.

Answer:Eight dimensions of product quality management can be used at a strategic level to analyze quality characteristics. The concept was defined by David Garvin. Some of the dimensions are mutually reinforcing, whereas others are not—improvement in one may be at the expense of others. Understanding the trade-offs desired by customers among these dimensions can help build a competitive advantage. Garvin's eight dimensions can be summarized as follows:[1]

·         Performance: Performance refers to a product's primary operating characteristics. This dimension of quality involves measurable

Q. 6.       Explain variation due to chance causes and assignable causes.

Answer:

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