BC0056-UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM

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ASSIGNMENT

PROGRAM	BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATION
SEMESTER	5TH
SUBJECT CODE & NAME	BC0056-UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM
CREDIT	4
BK ID	B0973
MAX. MARKS	60

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

1. Explain the UNIX System Architecture with suitable diagram

Answer: The kernel of UNIX is the hub of the operating system: it allocates time and memory to programs and handles the filestore and communications in response to system calls.

As an illustration of the way that the shell and the kernel work together, suppose a user types rm myfile (which has the effect of removing the file myfile). The shell searches the filestore for the file containing the program rm, and then requests the kernel, through system calls, to execute the program rm on myfile. When the process rm myfile has finished running, the shell then returns the UNIX prompt % to the user, indicating that it is waiting for further commands.

Amongst the functions performed by the kernel are:

·         managing the

2 Write a short note on:

a. root file system

Answer: - In a computer file system, the root directory is the first or top-most directory in a hierarchy. It can be likened to the trunk of a tree, as the starting point where all branches originate from. The root file system is the file system contained on the same disk partition on which the root directory is located. It is the filesystem on top of which all other file systems are mounted as the system boots up.

To use the example of a physical file cabinet, if the separate drawers in the file cabinet are represented as the highest level of sub-

b. swap file system

Answer: - Alternatively referred to as a page file or paging file, a swap file is a file stored on the computer hard drive that is used as a temporary location to store information that is not currently being used by the computer RAM. By using a swap file a computer has the ability to use more memory than what is physically installed in the computer. However, users who are low on hard drive space may notice that the computer runs slower because of the

Q.3 Demonstrate how can you create a semaphore set?

Answer:-  What Is A Semaphore? What Is A Semaphore Set?

A semaphore is a resource that contains an integer value, and allows processes to synchronize by testing and setting this value in a single atomic operation. This means that the process that tests the value of a semaphore and sets it to a different value (based on the test), is guaranteed no other process will interfere with the operation in the middle.

Two types of operations can be carried on a semaphore: wait and signal. A set operation first checks if the semaphore's value equals some number. If it

Q.4 what is a Process? How to run a process at the background?

Answer:-A process is a mechanism in an operating system that can run a series of steps. The mechanism depends on the operating system. For example, on Linux an Oracle background process is a Linux process. On Windows, an Oracle background process is a thread of execution within a process.

A background process is a computer process that runs "behind the scenes" (i.e. in the background) and without user intervention. Typical tasks for these processes include logging, system monitoring, scheduling,[2] and user notification.

Q.5 Demonstrate how and when you can use the following commands: vi, cat, chmod, grep, man, pwd, ps, kill, mkdir, rm.

Answer:-

Command	Description
cat	Display File Contents
chmod,	Changes permissions of file or directory

Q.6 Write a C program that illustrates the creation of child process using fork system call. One process finds sum of even series and other process finds sum of odd series.

Answer:-

Source Code::

==========

#include <stdio.h>

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <fcntl.h>

int main()

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