BT0072 - COMPUTER NETWORKS

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ASSIGNMENT

PROGRAM	BSc IT
SEMESTER	SECOND
SUBJECT CODE & NAME	BT0072, COMPUTER NETWORKS
CREDIT	4
BK ID	B0956
MAX.MARKS	60

1 What is Message switching and Packet switching?

Answer : Message Switching

This technique was somewhere in middle of circuit switching and packet switching. In message switching, the whole message is treated as a data unit and is switching / transferred in its entirety.

A switch working on message switching, first receives the whole message and buffers it until there are resources available to transfer it to the

2 What is Framing? Briefly explain Fixed-Size Framing, Variable Size Framing,

Answer : Framing in the data link layer separates a message from one source to a destination, or from other messages to other destinations, by adding a sender address and a destination address. The destination address defines where the packet has to go and the sender address helps the recipient acknowledge the receipt.

Framing:

The data link layer, on the other hand, needs to pack bits into frames, so that each frame is distinguishable from another. Framing in the data link layer separates a message from one source to a destination, or from other messages to

3 Briefly explain Stop-and-Wait Automatic Repeat Request?

Answer : Stop-and-wait ARQ also can be referred as Alternating bit protocol is a method used in telecommunications to send information between two connected devices. It ensures that information is not lost due to dropped packets and that packets are received in the correct order. It is the simplest kind of automatic repeat-request (ARQ) method. A stop-and-wait ARQ sender sends one frame at a time; it is a special case of the general sliding window protocol with both transmit and receive window sizes equal to 1 and more than one respectively . After sending each frame, the sender doesn't send any further frames until it receives an acknowledgement (ACK) signal. After receiving a good frame, the receiver sends an

4 What is the role of Internet Protocol version 4 (IPV4) in addressing and routing packets between hosts? Briefly explain the structure of an IPV4 packet.

Answer : Routing interfaces are used to route IPv4 packets between the networks that are local to the switch. Local networks are directly connected to the switch. Routing interfaces are applied to VLANs and there can only be one routing interface per VLAN. Thus, each VLAN on the switch should have only one IPv4 network. Once you have applied routing interfaces to two or more VLANs, the switch automatically begins to route IPv4 packets across the VLAN boundaries.

Routing interfaces are an independent routing function and are not dependent on static routes or RIP to pass IPv4 traffic on the switch. The switch automatically begins to route IPv4 packets among its local networks in the different VLANs as soon as you have defined two or more routing interfaces.

Routing interfaces have two components:

5 . Explain the working and applications of SMTP.

Answer :

6. Describe Caching and TTL. How it is useful in query resolving?

Answer: In computing, a cache (/ˈkæʃ/ KASH) is a component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster. The data stored in a cache might contain the results of an earlier computation or duplicates of data stored elsewhere.

Time to live (TTL) is used for computer data including DNS servers. It is nothing but time on the period of time or number of iterations or transmissions in computer and computer network technology that a unit of data (e.g. a packet) can experience before it should be discarded.

When a server is processing a recursive query, it might be required to send out several queries to find the definitive answer. The server caches all of

Dear students get fully solved  SMU BSC IT assignments

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