MU0010 – Manpower Planning and Resourcing

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Summer 2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 3

MU0010 – Manpower Planning and Resourcing - 4 Credits

(Book ID: B1765)

Note: Assignment (60 marks) must be written within 6-8 pages. Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should not exceed 400 words.

Q1.Explain the need for manpower planning. What are the obstacles in manpower planning?

(Meaning of manpower planning- 1, explanation of need - 3, description of obstacles - 6)10 marks

Answer : Manpower planning means planning means deciding the number and type of the human resources required for each job, unit and the total company for a particular future date in order to carry out organizational activities. Manpower planning may be viewed as foreseeing the human resources requirement of an organization and the future supply of human resources.

NEED FOR MANPOWER PLANNING

Q2.What are the objectives of human resource accounting (HRA)? What are the methods of human resource accounting? Explain the cost based approach of HRA.

(Explanation of objectives - 3, listing the methods - 1, description of cost based approach - 2, explanation of four cost concepts - 4)10 marks

Answer : Human Resource Accounting is the process of identifying and reporting the Investments made in the Human Resources of an Organisation that are presently not accounted for in the conventional accounting practices.

Objectives of Human Resource Accounting

1)      To furnish cost value information for making proper and effective management decisions about acquiring, allocating developing and maintaining human resources in order to achieve cost effective organisational objectives.

2)      To monitor effectively the use

Q3.What are the objectives of recruitment? Explain recruitment process.

(Meaning of recruitment- 2, explanation of objectives - 3, explanation of recruitment process- 5)10 marks

Answer : Recruitment refers to the process of attracting, screening, selecting, and onboarding a qualified person for a job. At the strategic level it may involve the development of an employer brand which includes an 'employee offering'.

Objectives of Recruitment

Recruitment fulfils the following

Q4.Describe the benefits of induction program. Explain the types of induction program.

(Meaning of induction- 2, explanation benefits of induction program - 2, Listing the types - 1, explanation of types - 4, example - 1)10 marks

Answer : An induction programme is the process used within many businesses to welcome new employees to the company and prepare them for their new role.

Induction training should, according to TPI-theory, include development of theoretical and practical skills, but also meet interaction needs that exist among the new employees.

An Induction Programme can also include the safety training delivered to contractors before they are permitted to enter a site or begin their work.

Q5.What do you mean by career management? Explain career planning process.

(Meaning of career management - 2, focus of career management process – 1, Meaning of career planning- 2, Process of career planning - 5)10 marks

Answer : Career Management is the combination of structured planning and the active management choice of one's own professional career.

The outcome of successful career management should include personal fulfilment, work/life balance, goal achievement and financial security.

Career planning is a subset of career

Q6.Mention the causes of employee turnover. Explain the employee exit process.

(Listing - 2, Meaning of employee exit process -  2, explanation - 6)10 Marks

Answer : The following is a list of possible reasons why employees terminate their employment.  This list was compiled from various survey results.  Percentages listed on survey results were intentionally omitted because the only reasons that matter are the ones that are causing your organization’s turnover.

·         Difficulty balancing work/life issues

·         Low job satisfaction

·         Lack of appreciation

·         Ineffective management

·         Conflicts with supervisors or

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MU0012 – Employee Relations Management

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Summer 2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 3

MU0012 – Employee Relations Management - 4 Credits

(Book ID: B1734)

Note: Assignment (60 marks) must be written within 6-8 pages. Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should not exceed 400 words.

Q1.Define conflict management. What are the causes of workplace conflicts? What are the various strategies to be adopted for resolving conflicts?

(definition of conflict management – 3, explanation of causes of workplace conflicts – 3, explanation of strategies – 4)10 marks

Answer : Conflict management is the process of limiting the negative aspects of conflict while increasing the positive aspects of conflict. The aim of conflict management is to enhance learning and group outcomes, including effectiveness or performance in organizational setting .Properly managed conflict can improve group outcomes.

Q2.What is meant by organisational culture? What are the elements and dimensions of organisational culture?

(meaning of organisational culture – 3, explanation of elements – 3, dimensions – 4)

10 marks

Answer : Organizational culture reflects the values, beliefs, and norms that characterize an organization as a whole.

Organizational culture is the behavior of humans who are part of an organization and the meanings that the people attach to their actions. Culture includes the organization values, visions, norms, working language, systems, symbols,

Q3.Explain the importance and features of Human Resource Information systems (HRIS).

(meaning – 1, example - 2, importance – 3, features of HRIS – 4)10 marks

Answer : A HRIS, or Human Resource Information System, is a software solution for small to mid-sized businesses to help automate and manage their HR, payroll, management and accounting activities.

A HRIS generally should provide the capability to more effectively plan, control and manage HR costs; achieve improved efficiency and quality in HR decision making; and improve employee and managerial productivity and effectiveness.

HRIS Advantages

The advantages of having a sophisticated

Q4.What is meant by grievance redressal? Explain the three stages of Grievance redressal. What precautions are to be taken while handling grievances?

(meaning of grievance & grievance redressal – 2, explanation of three stages – 4, precautions – 4)10 marks

Answer : The term grievance refers to a written statement made according to the grievance procedure included in the collective agreement. It deals with any dispute concerning the interpretation, the application, the administration or the alleged violation of any clause of the collective agreement.

Q5.What are trade unions? What are the objectives and activities of trade unions?

(meaning – 2, explanation objectives – 3, activities – 5)10 marks

Answer : A trade union or labor union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals such as protecting the integrity of its trade, achieving higher pay, increasing the number of employees an employer hires, and better working conditions. The trade union, through its leadership, bargains with the employer on behalf of union members (rank and file members) and negotiates labour contracts (

Q6.Write a brief note on stress and employee wellness in organisations.

(meaning of stress – 2, explanation of symptoms– 1, factors that increases stress – 2, explanation employee wellness – 4, example – 1)10 Marks

Answer : Stress has been defined in different ways over the years. Originally, it was conceived of as pressure from the environment, then as strain within the person. The generally accepted definition today is one of interaction between the situation and the individual. It is the psychological and physical state that results when the resources of the individual are not sufficient to cope with the demands and pressures of the situation. Thus, stress is more likely in some situations than others and in some individuals than others.

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MU0013 – HR Audit

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Summer 2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 3

MU0013 – HR Audit

- 4 Credits

(Book ID: B1735)

Note: Assignment (60 marks) must be written within 6-8 pages. Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should not exceed 400 words.

Q1.Define Human Resource (HR) Audit. What is the need for HR Audit? What are the various approaches to HR Audit?

(definition– 2, need for HR audit- 2, explanation of HR audit approach by Walker- 3, common approach to HR audit- 3)10 marks

Answer : A Human Resources Audit is a comprehensive method (or means) to review current human resources policies, procedures, documentation and systems to identify needs for improvement and enhancement of the HR function as well as to ensure compliance with ever-changing rules and regulations. An Audit involves systematically reviewing all aspects of human resources, usually in a checklist fashion.

Need for HR Audit:

The purpose of an HR Audit is to recognize strengths and

Q2.Write a brief note on staffing. How does employee orientation programs help employees? What are the characteristics of good employee orientation programs?

(meaning of staffing- 2, explanation of staffing – 3, use of orientation programs- 2, characteristics– 3)10 marks

Answer : Staffing is a term used in the sphere of employment. It has been applied to more than one aspect of the working environment.

Staffing has been defined as follows by Heneman and Judge in Staffing Organisation

Staffing is the process of acquiring, deploying, and retaining a workforce of sufficient quantity and quality to create positive impacts on the organization’s effectiveness.

According to this model: Aquisition comprises the recruitment processes leading to the employment of staff. It includes human resource planning to identify what the organisation requires in terms of the numbers of employees needed and their

Q3.What is HR Scorecard? Explain the reason for implementing HR Scorecard.

(meaning of HR scorecard- 3, explanation of reasons – 7)10 marks

Answer : The HR Scorecard argues that HR measurement systems must be based on a clear understanding of organizational strategy and the capabilities and behaviors of the workforce required to implement that strategy. Thus, an HR Scorecard is a mechanism for describing and measuring how people and people management systems create value in organizations, as well as communicating key organizational objectives to the workforce.

The goal of an HR scorecard is to help businesses determine the value of their human resources departments. The challenge often is daunting because unlike most departments or divisions within a company, measurement tools traditionally

Q4.competency management. Explain the two frameworks of competency management.

(definition – 3, listing two frameworks – 1, explanation of two frameworks -6)10 marks

Answer : Competency (or Competence) Management Systems  are usually associated with, and may include, a Learning Management System (LMS). The LMS is typically a web-based tool that allows access to learning resources. Competency Management Systems tend to have a more multidimensional and comprehensive approach and include tools such as competency management, skills-gap analysis, succession planning, as well as competency analysis and profiling. The CompMS tends to focus more on creating an environment of

Q5.Write a brief note on workplace policies and practices.

(explanation on workplace policies and practices – 1, safeguarding employee information – 2, performance management – 2, safe work environment – 2 and auditing workplace behaviours – 3)

10 marks

Answer : Workplace Policies and Practices

“Many of our employees work in safety-sensitive positions. As a part of the hiring process, we require applicants to provide medical documentation, as well as undergo background checks, physical testing and drug tests. Are we asking for too much?”

“Our employee handbook and workplace

Q6.What are the areas to be concentrated on for HR Audit? Prepare a questionnaire for conducting an audit for manpower planning.

(explanation of areas – 4, preparation of questionnaire – 6)10 Marks

Answer :  AUDITING PROCESS : Essential steps in Human Resource Auditing

Though the process would vary from organization to organization, generally it involves the following steps:

1) Briefing and orientation:

This is a preparatory meeting of key staff members to:

·         discuss particular issues considered to be significant,

·         chart out audit procedures, and

·         develop plans and programme of audit.

2) Scanning material information:

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MB0038 - Management Process and Organizational Behaviour

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Summer 2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

MB0038 - Management Process and Organizational Behaviour - 4 Credits

(Book ID: B1621)

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should not exceed 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Q1.Describe the concept of vision in an organisation with an example. How is it different from mission statement?

Answer : Concept of vision or vision statement :

A vision is an over-riding idea of what the organization should be. Often it reflects the dream of the founder or leader. Your company's vision could be, for example, to be "the largest retailer of automobiles in the US", "the maker of the finest chocolate candies in London", or "the management consultant of choice for non-profit organizations in the Southwest." A vision must be sufficiently clear and concise that everyone in the organization understands it and can buy into it with passion.

Example :

Lets take this example of Online Retailer

“We intend to provide our customers with the best online shopping experience from beginning to end, with a smart, searchable website, easy-to-follow instructions, clear and secure payment methods, and fast, quality delivery.”

Q2.Define the term ‘management’. Explain the scientific management theory proposed by Taylor

Answer : Management :

Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of coordinating the efforts of people to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources.

Evolution of management :

The Evolution of Management Theory was an era where so many alterations in the world Economy took place. In the closing decades of the 19th century there was a quest of seeking innovative ways to increase organizational efficiency and effectiveness.

Q3.Give the definition and importance of planning in an organisation and explain the steps in planning.

Answer : Planning :

In organizations, planning is a management process, concerned with defining goals for company's future direction and determining on the missions and resources to achieve those target. To meet the goals, managers may develop plans such as a business plan or a marketing plan. Planning always has a purpose. The purpose may be achievement of certain goals or targets.

Importance of planning :

• Planning increases the efficiency of an organization.
• It reduces the risks involved in modern business activities.

Q4.What is meant by leading? Describe the characteristics of leading.

Answer : Concept of leading :

Leading, as defined by most dictionaries, means "to go before, or with, to show the way; to induce." Every organization needs a leader (and preferably several leaders) to "show the way" to others as the organization strives to define and achieve its goals.

Whether these goals are entrepreneurial or humanitarian — or both — the leader's work is to instill a sense of purpose and passion to the work that the organization undertakes.

Identifying, developing and sustaining leadership in your organization must be one of your strategic objectives.

Characteristics of leading :

There are five essential characteristics of leading. These are :

• Visionary

Q5.What are ‘attitudes’? Explain the components and functions of attitude.

Answer : Meaning of attitude :

An attitude is a hypothetical construct that represents an individual's degree of like or dislike for an item”. Attitudes are generally positive or negative views of a person, place, thing, or event-- this is often referred to as the attitude object. People can also be conflicted or ambivalent toward an object, meaning that they simultaneously possess both positive and negative attitudes toward the item in question

Components :

There are three components of attitude

• Cognitive component
• Effective component
• Behavioral component 

Some attitudes serve to protect us from acknowledging basic truths about ourselves or the harsh realities of life. They serve as defense mechanisms. E.g.: Those with feelings of inferiority may develop attitude of superiority.

Q6.Define leadership. Differentiate between authoritarian and democratic leadership style.

Answer: Leadership :

Leadership has been described as “a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task". Other in-depth definitions of leadership have also emerged. Leadership is "organizing a group of people to achieve a common goal". The leader may or may not have any formal authority. Studies of leadership have produced theories involving traits, situational interaction, function, behavior, power, vision and values, charisma, and intelligence, among others. Somebody whom people follow: somebody who guides or directs others. Leadership has been described as “a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task". Other in-depth definitions of leadership have also emerged.

Authoritarian and democratic leadership style :

1. Authoritarian leadership :

                                                                                                                                      

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MB0039 –Business Communication

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Summer 2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

MB0039 –Business Communication- 4 Credits

(Book ID: B1622)

Assignment- 60 marks

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Q1. Communication skills are of utmost importance in managing information and technology in any organization. List the characteristics of communication and discuss the seven barriers to effective communication.

( characteristics- 3 marks, barriers- 7 marks)

Answer : The real meaning of communication is getting the receiver and the sender tuned together for a particular message. Communication takes place when one person transfers some understandable data to another person. It also includes the exchange of thoughts, opinions, sentiments, facts, and information between two or more persons. Feedback is very important as it assures that your message should be properly conveyed to the receiver.

Characteristics of an effective communication system are as follows: -

(1)Completeness - The communication must be complete. It should convey all facts required by the audience. The sender of the message must take into consideration the receiver’s mind set and convey the message accordingly.

Q2. Non-verbal communication can have a greater impact than verbal communication and is ambiguous. List and explain the various types of non-verbal communication in brief.

( Listing- 2 marks, explanation- 8 marks)

Answer : The types of interpersonal communication that are not expressed verbally are called non-verbal communications. The list of types of non verbal communication is given below:

(1)Body Movements (Kinesics)

(2)Posture

(3)Eye Contact

(4)Paralanguage

Explanation of the types of non verbal communication :

(1)Body Movements (Kinesics) :

Body movements include gestures, posture, head and hand movements or whole body movements. Body movements can be used to reinforce or emphasize what a person is saying and also offer information about the emotions and attitudes of a person. However, it is also possible for body movements to conflict with what is said. A skilled observer may be able to detect such discrepancies in behaviour and use them as a clue to what someone is really feeling.

Q3. Written messages must be as readable as possible. Discuss the two broad principles of writing. Explain the three stages of writing methodology in detail.

( Principles- 3 marks, writing methodology- 7 marks)

Answer : Business affects everyone. If you don’t end up in a business-oriented occupation, you will certainly have to engage in business as a client or customer. Skill in business writing is also a valuable asset for job-seekers. Businesses in almost every field need skilled writers. There are many principles and stages in writing.

 Two basic principles of writing :

(1) Clarity and conciseness :

There is a time and a place for creative figures of speech and poetic turns of phrase, but rarely is a business letter that time or place. The priority in business writing is the effective communication of specific information. Avoid wasting words and be precise with the ones you choose.

Q4. There are various techniques of reading out of which SQ3R is most popular. How will you apply it while reading and research?

( SQ3R meaning- 2 marks, Application/explanation- 8 marks)

Answer : Meaning of SQ3R :

SQ3R is a tried and tested study strategy. It not only helps us to understand and remember but can also help us to identify the information we need to write an assignment. SQ3R is an active reading exercise that is designed to help us get a fuller understanding of your reading materials. We will need to keep a pen and some paper on hand to use this method.

SQ3R is an acronym which stands for

• Survey (or Skim)
• Question
• Read

Q5. Advertisements are used by the organizations to communicate with prospective customers. What is the meaning and objectives of corporate advertising? Discuss with examples.

( meaning-2 marks, objectives- 5 marks, examples- 3 marks)

Answer : Meaning of corporate advertising :

Corporate advertising is a promotional strategy that is designed to not only interest consumers in products and services offered by the company, but also to cultivate a positive reputation among consumers and others within the business world.

Objectives of corporate advertising with example :

Lets take an example of small business As the owner of a small business, we probably don't have the luxury of a large advertising budget. To make the most of our limited advertising dollars, we need to establish clear advertising objectives and make use of low-cost but effective advertising strategies.

Q6. In order to get a job you need to approach an organization with a resume. How does a resume affect your employability? What are the components of resume?

( meaning and purpose of resume- 3 marks, components- 7 marks)

Answer : Meaning and purpose of resume :

A resume is a written compilation of your education, work experience, credentials, and accomplishments and is used to apply for jobs.

There are several basic types of resumes used to apply for job openings. Depending on your personal circumstances, choose a chronological, a functional, combination, or a targeted resume.

The purpose of a resume is to provide a summary of your skills, abilities and accomplishments. It is a quick advertisement of who you are..

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MB0040 – Statistics for Management

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Summer 2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

MB0040 – Statistics for Management - 4 Credits

(Book ID: B1731)

Assignment – 60 marks

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Q1.Statistics plays a vital role in almost every facet of human life. Describe the functions of Statistics. Explain the applications of statistics.

Answer : Statistics is the study of how to collect, organize, analyze, and interpret numerical information from data. Descriptive statistics involves methods of organizing, picturing and summarizing information from data. Inferential statistics involves methods of using information from a sample to draw conclusions about the population.

Main points :

* Statistical inferences are no more accurate than the data they

are based on (weakest link).

* Statistical results should be interpreted by one who

                                                       

Q2.a. Explain the various measures of Dispersion.

Answer : Measures of dispersion :

Range :

• Defined as the difference between the largest and smallest sample values.
• One of the simplest measures of variability to calculate.

Standard Deviation :

• The standard deviation is the square root of the sample variance.
• Defined so that it can be used to make inferences about the population variance.

b. Obtain the values of the median and the two Quartiles.

391

384

591

407

672

522

777

733

2488

1490

 (Formulas – 2 marks, Calculation/Solution- 3 marks)

Ans :

Arrange the data values in order from the lowest value to the highest value:

384

391

407

522

591

672

733

777

1490

2488

Median :

The number of values in the data set is 10, which is even.  So, the median is the average of the two middle values.

Q3.a. What is correlation? Distinguish between positive and negative correlation.

(Meaning – 2 marks, Differences – 3 marks)

Answer : Correlation :

In the world of finance, a statistical measure of how two securities move in relation to each other. Correlations are used in advanced portfolio management.

Correlation is computed into what is known as the correlation coefficient, which ranges between -1 and +1.

     

b. Calculate coefficient of correlation from the following data.

X	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Y	9	8	10	12	11	13	14	16	15

Answer : Coefficient of correlation :

now using the formula :

Here   n = 9 it is the sample size .

Discussion of result :

The range of the correlation coefficient is from -1 to 1.

Q4.Index number acts as a barometer for measuring the value of money. What are the characteristics of an index number? State its utility.

Answer : Index number :

1. An index number is an economic data figure reflecting price or quantity compared with a standard or base value. The base usually equals 100 and the index number is usually expressed as 100 times the ratio to the base value. For example, if a commodity costs twice as much in 1970 as it did in 1960, its index number would be 200 relative to 1960. Index numbers are used especially to compare business activity, the cost of living, and employment.

Q5.Business forecasting acquires an important place in every field of the economy. Explain the objectives and theories of Business forecasting.

Answer : Business forecasting :

Business Forecasting is an estimate or prediction of future developments in business such as sales, expenditures, and profits. Given the wide swings in economic activity and the drastic effects these fluctuations can have on profit margins, it is not surprising that business forecasting has emerged as one of the most important aspects of corporate planning. Forecasting has become an invaluable tool for businesspeople to anticipate economic trends and prepare themselves either to benefit from or to counteract them. If, for instance, businesspeople envision an economic downturn, they can cut back on their inventories, production quotas, and hiring. If, on the contrary, an economic boom seems probable, those same businesspeople can take necessary measures to attain the maximum benefit from it. Good business forecasts can help business owners and managers adapt to a changing economy.

Objectives of business forecasting :

In the narrow sense, the objective of forecasting is to produce better forecasts. But in the broader sense, the objective is to improve organizational performance—more revenue, more profit, increased customer satisfaction. Better forecasts, by themselves, are of no inherent value if those forecasts are ignored by management or otherwise not used to improve organizational

Q6.The weekly wages of 1000 workers are normally distributed around a mean of Rs.

70 and a standard deviation of Rs. 5. Estimate the number of workers whose weekly wages will be:

a. Between 70 and 72

b. Between 69 and 72

c. More than 75

d. Less than 63

Answer : These values are calculated by finding z scores and the probability values from probability table.

z score = variable - mean value/standard deviation

Given that Mean = 70

 standard deviation = 5

a. between 70 and 72 :

1. Get the z score for 70.

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