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Financial Institutions and
Markets
Dec 2023 Examination
Q1. Mr Raman is one of the director in XYZ ltd company .The
company is engaged in hotel sector ,which has recently witnessed a steady
downfall in its revenue and value of its assets due to a downward trend
persisting in the market. The periodical financial result of the compan were to
be declared in the fortnight time. Mr. Raman being an insider, had to access to
unpublished price sensitive information related to it. Consequently, he sells
the major portion of his holding in an anticipation of fall in the market price
of the shares of the company subsequent to announcement of periodical financial
result of the company. On conducting a probe, SEBI finds Mr. Raman guilty of
insider is trading.
In context to the above case – State the importance of SEBI
and its various functions. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Securities
and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) plays a pivotal role in the Indian financial
market ecosystem. Established in 1988 and given statutory powers in 1992,
SEBI's primary objective is to protect the interests of investors in securities
and promote the development and regulation of the securities market. The case of
Mr. Raman, a director at XYZ Ltd., underscores the significance of SEBI's role
in ensuring a level playing field for all market participants. Insider trading,
as seen in this scenario, is a malpractice where individuals with access to
Q2. Rima buys a financial asset from the RBI. This
financial asset is an instrument of short- term borrowing. He has bought it
because he doesn’t want to take risk and wants an assured return. This
instrument is a promissory note. It is highly liquid. The instrument is also
known as zero coupon bonds. On this instrument, it is written T-91 Based on the
above case study, Identify the financial asset indicated in the above case .elaborate
why this instrument is called as zero coupon bonds and mention what are
functions of these instruments and why this is called as T-19? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Financial
markets are replete with a variety of instruments that cater to the diverse
needs of investors. These instruments range from high-risk, high-return
equities to low-risk, fixed-return bonds. The case study introduces us to a
financial asset purchased by Rima from the RBI, which is a short-term borrowing
instrument. This asset is designed for investors who are risk-averse and seek
an assured return on their investment. The instrument, described as a
promissory note, is highly liquid and is known as a zero-coupon bond. The
nomenclature "T-91" is also associated with this asset. Before
delving into the specifics of this financial instrument, it's
Q3. Nishanth was working in the portfolio management
department of Beta Ltd and had new recruits to whom he was supposed to provide
training on the risks associated with the financial market as apart from
earning returns they should be well aware of the risks that can be managed and
which ones cannot be managed in a portfolio. He decided to broadly classify the
risks in two categories and explain the different types of risks associated
with each one. If you are Nishanth,
a) Explain different types of risks associated with
systematic risk. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic
world of financial markets, risks are as inherent as returns. For every
potential gain, there exists an associated risk. Nishanth, with his experience
in portfolio management, understands the importance of not just chasing returns
but also managing and mitigating risks. To provide a comprehensive
understanding to the new recruits, he categorizes risks into two
b) Explain different types of risks associated with
unsystematic risk. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
While systematic risks are inherent to the entire market, unsystematic
risks are unique to specific companies or industries. Often termed as
"diversifiable risk," unsystematic risk arises from factors that are
not correlated with market returns. By diversifying investments across various
assets or sectors, investors can significantly reduce or even eliminate
unsystematic
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