QM0022: TQM TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

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Assignment

DRIVE	FALL 2015
PROGRAM	MBA (SEM 3)
SEMESTER	3
SUBJECT CODE & NAME	QM0022: TQM TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
BK ID	B1929
CREDIT & MARKS	4 CREDITS & 60 MARKS

Note: Answer all questions. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Q1.  List the seven basic quality control tools. Describe any three of them.

Answer: The Seven Basic Tools of Quality is a designation given to a fixed set of graphical techniques identified as being most helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality. They are called basic because they are suitable for people with little formal training in statistics and because they can be used to solve the vast majority of quality-related issues.

The seven tools are:

·         Cause-and-effect diagram (also known as the "fishbone" or Ishikawa diagram)

·         Check sheet

Q2.Define Benchmarking. Explain the types of benchmarking.

Answer: “Benchmarking is a strategy tool used to compare the performance of the business processes and products with the best performances of other companies inside and outside the industry.”

Strategic Benchmarking

This involves examining long-term strategies, for example regarding core competencies, new product and service development or improving capabilities for dealing with change.

This type of benchmarking is used by successful high

Q3. Explain the following:

(a) Continuous Improvement Process

Answer : Continuous improvement, sometimes called continual improvement, is the ongoing improvement of products, services or processes through incremental and breakthrough improvements.

In his book "Out of the Crisis," Dr. Deming shared his philosophy of continuous improvement:

1.       Create constancy of purpose toward improvement of product and service, with the aim to become competitive and to stay in business and to provide jobs.

2.       Adopt the new philosophy.

3.       Eliminate the need for inspection on a mass

(b) Poka Yoke

Answer : “ Poka- yoke”: is a Japanese term that means "mistake-proofing". A poka-yoke is any mechanism in a lean manufacturing process that helps an equipment operator avoid (yokeru) mistakes (poka). Its purpose is to eliminate product defects by preventing, correcting, or drawing attention to human errors as they occur.[1] The concept was formalised, and the term adopted, by Shigeo Shingo as part of the Toyota Production System. It was

Q.4. Define ‘Six Sigma Methodology’. What are the key roles in Six Sigma methodology? Explain DMAIC methodology of Six Sigma.

Answer: Six Sigma at many organizations simply means a measure of quality that strives for near perfection. Six Sigma is a disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any process – from manufacturing to transactional and from product to service.

Q5. What is ‘FMEA’? Explain the concept of ‘Risk Priority Number’.

Answer: Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic, proactive method of evaluating a process. An FMEA identifies the opportunities for failure, or "failure modes," in each step of the process. Each failure mode gets a numeric score that quantifies (a) likelihood that the failure will occur, (b) likelihood that the failure will not be detected, and (c) the amount of harm or damage the failure mode may cause to a person or to equipment. The product of these three scores is the Risk Priority Number (RPN) for that failure mode. The sum of the RPNs for the failure

Q6. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Design of Experiments

Answer: Design of experiments (DOE) is a systematic method to determine the relationship between factors affecting a process and the output of that process. In other words, it is used to find cause-and-effect relationships. This information is needed to manage process inputs in order to optimize the output.

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