Elective: Environmental Management (Part -2)

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National Institute of Business Management

Chennai - 020

EMBA/ MBA

Elective: Environmental Management (Part -2)

Attend any 4 questions.  Each question carries 25 marks

(Each answer should be of minimum 2 pages / of 300 words)

Q. 1.   Explain Noise Pollution Control in India.

Answer:Whereas the increasing ambient noise levels in public places from various sources, inter-alia, industrial activity, construction activity, generator sets, loud speakers, public address systems, music systems, vehicular horns and other mechanical devices have deleterious effects on human health and the psychological well being of the people, it is considered necessary to regulate and control noise producing and generating sources with the objective of maintaining the ambient air quality standards in respect of noise;

Whereas a draft of Noise Pollution (Control and Regulation) Rules, 1999 was published under the notification of the Government of India in the Ministry of Environment and Forests vide number S.O. 528 (E) dated the 2e June, 1999 inviting objections and suggestions from all the persons likely to be affected thereby, before the expiry of the period of sixty days from the date on which the copies of the Gazette containing the said notification are made available to the public-,

And whereas copies of the said Gazette were made available to the public on the I" day of July, 1999.

Q. 2.   Discuss in detail the treatment, utilization and disposal of sewage.

Answer:In developing countries, the organic load of river system is a major problem. In India, the contribution of local bodies, e.g., Nagar Mahapalika, Nagar Palika, Town Area, etc., through sewage is about 90 percent, while 3 percent is contributed by small-scale and 7 per cent by medium and large-scale industries.

Unfortunately, control of pollution due to sewage cannot be self supporting, e.g., it is not economically viable. However, considering the social responsibility and other indirect advantages of pollution control, it is essential to have pollution control for

Q. 3.   Explain the adverse effects of using insecticides that has become a vital concern these days, to the extent that opinions favour to limiting the use of insecticides. Explain.

Answer:

Q. 4.   The petroleum industry is one of the major contributors of different contaminants to environment. Explain its effect on the environment and human being.

Answer:Petroleum is a naturally occurring liquid oil normally found in deposits beneath the surface of the earth. It is a type of oil composed of rock minerals, making it different from other kinds of oils that come from plants and animals (such as vegetable oil, animal fat, or essential oils). The word petroleum comes from the Latin words petra (rock) and oleum (oil), and so literally means rock oil. Despite this, petroleum is an organic compound, formed from the remains of microorganisms living millions of years ago. It is one of the three main fossil fuels, along with coal and natural gas.

Petroleum Economy: Petroleum, like all fossil fuels,

Q. 5.   Discuss in detail environmental pollution and its control in the pulp and paper Industry.

Answer:Pulp and paper industry is considered as one of the most polluter industry in the world (Thompson et al., 2001; Sumathi& Hung, 2006). The production process consists two main steps: pulping and bleaching. Pulping is the initial stage and the source of the most pollutant of this industry. In this process, wood chips as raw material are treated to remove lignin and improve fibers for papermaking. Bleaching is the last step of the process, which aims to whiten and brighten the pulp. Whole processes of this industry are very energy and water intensive in terms of the fresh water utilization (Pokhrel&Viraraghavan, 2004). Water

Q. 6.   Effluent from distilleries contains a large amount of dissolved organic matter. This organic matter is readily decomposed by biological action; consequently, its discharge into surface water causes serious damage to aquatic life in the stream. Explain the damage to environment and its remedies.

Answer:

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