BT9301, Computer Graphics

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Assignment

DRIVE	SPRING 2015
PROGRAM	BSc IT
SEMESTER	SIXTH
SEMESTER CODE & NAME	BT9301, Computer Graphics
BK ID	B0810
CREDIT	4
MARKS	60

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

1. Draw and explain the diagram of a Raster scan system with a display processor. Explain each unit of the diagram.

Answer:  Answer: A raster scan, or raster scanning, is the rectangular pattern of image capture and reconstruction in television. By analogy, the term is used for raster graphics, the pattern of image storage and transmission used in most computer bitmap image systems. The word raster comes from the Latin word rastrum (a rake), which is derived from radere (to scrape); see also rastrum, an instrument for drawing musical staff lines. The pattern left by the lines of a rake, when drawn straight, resembles the parallel lines of a raster: this line-by-line scanning is what creates a raster. It is a systematic process of covering the area progressively

2 Write and explain midpoint circle drawing algorithm.

Answer:  Algorithm: The objective of the algorithm is to find a path through the pixel grid using pixels which are as close as possible to solutions of x² + y² = r². At each step, the path is extended by choosing the adjacent pixel which satisfies x² + y² <= r² but maximizes x² + y² . Since the candidate pixels are adjacent, the arithmetic to calculate the latter expression is simplified, requiring only bit shifts and additions.

This algorithm starts with the circle equation. For simplicity, assume the center of the circle is at (0,0). We consider first only the first octant and draw

3 What do you mean by polygon filling? Explain flood fill algorithm for polygon filling.

Answer: Algorithm that determines the area connected to a given node in a multi-dimensional array. It is used in the "bucket" fill tool of paint programs to determine which parts of a bitmap to fill with color, and in puzzle games such as Minesweeper, Puyo Puyo, Lumines, Samegame and Magical Drop for determining which pieces are cleared. When applied on an image to fill a particular bounded area with color, it is also known as boundary fill.

Alternative Improved Algorithm

4 Write Liang Barkey’s line clipping algorithm. Write advantages of it.

Answer: Applet displays result of Liang-Barsky's Line Clipping Algorithm solution. There is initial line and clipping rectangle projected. The clipped part of initial line is highlighted by bolder and more contrast color. Interactivity affords to change parameters (positions of outer points and cornes) of initial line and clipping rectangle comfortably using mouse functionality:

v  Finding and marking closest flexible point

5 What is shear? Explain X shear and Y shear.

Answer: Shear: Shearing in continuum mechanics refers to the occurrence of a shear strain, which is a deformation of a material substance in which parallel internal surfaces slide past one another. It is induced by a shear stress in the material. Shear strain is distinguished from volumetric strain, the change in a material's volume in response to stress.

Often, the verb shearing refers more specifically to a

6. Derive the 3-D transformation matrix to transform world coordinates to viewing coordinates.

Answer:  Answer:  A method of computing the 3D viewing transformation which transforms the right-hand world coordinate system to left-hand eye coordinate system is presented. he initial viewing parameters are choosen so as to be able to give an unrestricted view of the scene. In practice, however, some simplifications are most often used as default viewing parameters.

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