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Xaviers Institute of
Business Management Studies
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
Maximum Marks: 100
Note: Attempt any five questions. All
questions carry equal marks. Assume any missing data suitably.
Question. 1. (a) Draw a systems view diagram
of any service organization of your choice. Identify its various components.
Explain its interdisciplinary nature. 10
Question. 1 (b) What are the major
characteristics of a Production system? Discuss some of its upcoming issues
that provide economies in production and efficiency in the performance of the
system. 10
Question. 2. (a) Explain with examples, how
the TQM concept can integrate design engineering, manufacturing and service. 10
Answer :
Total Quality Management is a management approach that originated in the 1950s
and has steadily become more popular since the early 1980s. Total Quality is a
description of the culture, attitude and organization of a company that strives
to provide customers with products and services that satisfy their needs. The
culture requires quality in all aspects of the company’s operations, with
processes being done right the first time and defects and waste eradicated from
operations. Total Quality Management, TQM, is a
Question. 2(b) What are process capability
studies ? Explain the process capability index with applications to a real life
example. 10
Answer : s. Introduction to Process Capability
A process
has been defined as a sequence of interdependent procedures, operations or
steps that consume resources and convert the inputs into outputs. Each
operation or step adds to the next to achieve a goal or desired result. In
every process, there exists a certain amount of variation. Variation in a
process cannot be eliminated, but it can be measured, monitored, reduced and
controlled. If we look at a simple example of making a cup of coffee, we can
identify the inputs, steps, equipment and output of the
Question. 3. (a) Compare traditional process
planning with Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP). Also explain a generative
CAPP system. 10
Answer : The Planning Function Every part or
product that has to be manufactured in the machine shop of the manufacturing
company has to undergo through a series of machining operations in a proper
sequence. The manufacturing process planning involves determining proper
sequence of manufacturing operations to be carried out so that part can be
produced in the least possible time making the optimum use of the available
resources. To make the proper sequence the operations are documented on a form
known as the route sheet. In the route sheet there is a list of the production
operations and the machine tools
Question. 3(b) Explain the objectives of Total
Productive maintenance. Give its importance. Also comment on the concept of TPM
promotion. 10
Answer :
It can be considered as the medical science of machines. Total Productive
Maintenance (TPM) is a maintenance program which involves a newly defined
concept for maintaining plants and equipment. The goal of the TPM program is to
markedly increase production while, at the same time, increasing employee
morale and job satisfaction.
TPM brings
maintenance into focus as a necessary and vitally important part of the
business. It is no longer regarded as a non-profit activity. Down time for
maintenance is scheduled as a part of the manufacturing day and, in some cases,
as an
Question. 4. (a) Why is forecasting required
in operations management ? Discuss the concept of forecast error as applied to
different conditions. 10
Answer : Advantages and Disadvantages of Forecasting
Methods of Production and Operations Management
Organizations
use forecasting methods of production and operations management to implement
production strategies. Forecasting involves using several different methods of
estimating to determine possible future outcomes for the business. Planning for
these possible outcomes is the job of operations management. Additionally,
operations management involves the managing of the processes required to
manufacture and distribute products. Important aspects of operations management
include creating, developing, producing and distributing products for the
organization.
Question. 5. (a) What is facility planning ?
Explain with examples different types of layouts as used in manufacturing
organisations. 10
Answer :
Facility layout and design is an important component of a business's overall
operations, both in terms of maximizing the effectiveness of the production
process and meeting the needs of employees. The basic objective of layout is to
ensure a smooth flow of work, material, and information through a system. The
basic meaning of facility is the space in which a business's activities take
place. The layout and design of that space impact greatly how the work is
done—the flow of work, materials, and information through the system. The key
to good facility layout and design is the integration of the needs of people
(personnel and customers), materials (raw, finishes, and in process), and
machinery in such a
Question. 5(b) Discuss work measurement as a
process to establish task time. Explain the various techniques for developing
time standards. 10
Answer : Work Measurement: Techniques of Work
Measurement
International Labour Organization(ILO) defined work
measurement as ‘die application of techniques designed to establish the work
content of a specified task by determining the time required for carrying it
out at a defined standard of performance by a qualified worker’.
Conventionally, it is known as time study, which is primarily carried out to
determine the standard time required to perform a specific task. Such time
standards are used for planning and scheduling work, for cost estimating or for
labour cost control. Otherwise, it may serve as the basis for a wage incentive
plan. But we find it has wide application in deciding a wage incentive plan.
Techniques of Work Measurement:
There are
different techniques of work measurement. However, the following are the
principal
techniques:
Question. 6. (a) Explain just in time
manufacturing with the help of examples. Discuss its advantages and
disadvantages. 10
Answer :
Just in time (JIT) is an inventory management system, used to manage the stock
that is kept in storage. It involves receiving goods from suppliers as and when
they are required, rather than carrying a large inventory at once.
Advantages
of just in time inventory management
Companies
like to use JIT as it is seen as a more cost efficient method of holding stock.
Its purpose is to minimise the amount of goods you hold
Question. 6 (b) For an independent demand
inventory model, derive the equation for Economic Order Quantity. List all
assumptions. 10
Answer : Economic order quantity or EOQ model
is the equation that helps compute order quantity of inventory accompanied by
the minimum total holding and ordering costs. Formula The economic order
quantity is derived from the total cost equation,
Question. 7. Write short notes on any four of
the following: 4x5=20
(a) OPT
(b) Break even analysis
(c) Lean manufacturing
(d) Kanban system
(e) Line of Balance for Production Control
(f) Purpose of aggregate plans.
Dear
students, Get assignments and Case
studies
Do send your
query at :
or call us at
:08263069601
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