PM0012 – PROJECT FINANCE AND BUDGETING

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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
SPRING 2015
PROGRAM
MBADS (SEM 3/SEM 5)
MBAFLEX/ MBA (SEM 3)
PGDPMN (SEM 1)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
PM 0012 – PROJECT FINANCE AND BUDGETING
BK ID
B1938
CREDITS& MARKS
4 CREDITS & 60 MARKS


Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.


Q. 1. Write short notes on:

a) Project cost estimation:A cost estimate is the approximation of the cost of a program, project, or operation. The cost estimate is the product of the cost estimating process. The cost estimate has a single total value and may have identifiable component values. A problem with a cost overrun can be avoided with a credible,



b) Role of project sponsors:The Project Sponsor is the individual (often a manager or executive) with overall accountability for the project.

The Project Sponsor is primarily concerned with ensuring that the project delivers the agreed business benefits.

The Project Sponsor acts


c) Trade credit:Trade credit is the credit extended by one trader to another for the purchase of goods and services. Trade credit facilitates the purchase of supplies without immediate payment. Trade credit is commonly used by business organisations as a source of short-term financing. It is granted to those customers who have


d) Importance of project budget: If you do not have a good budget, you cannot judge contract proposals. You will always leave money on the table if you do not come to the table equipped with a good budget.  Not having a good budget also upsets the project sponsors because you have to go to them every time you realize your need more money, which is usually the case or not?



Q. 2. Answer the following questions:
1. What is a Letter of Intent (LOI)? What is its purpose?

Answer:A letter of intent (LOI or LoI, and sometimes capitalized as Letter of Intent in legal writing, but only when referring to


2. What are the basic features of EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) contracts? Give any 4 advantages of entering into a EPC contract?

Answer:In academia, a letter of intent is part of the application process,[clarification needed] in which it is also known as a statement of purpose or application essay. In education in the United States, letters of intent are also frequently reached between high school senior athletes and colleges/universities, for the


Q. 3. Explain the different key project documents.

Answer:In Project Management, one of the major responsibilities of the project manager is to keep proper documentation for the project and to keep the documents up to date. At any point in time during the life of the project, these documents



Q. 4. Write short notes on:
a) Developments in financing of construction projects in India:Financing arrangements differ sharply by type of owner and by the type of facility construction. As one example, many municipal projects are financed in the United States with tax exempt bonds for which interest payments to a lender are exempt from income taxes. As a result, tax exempt municipal bonds are available at lower interest charges. Different institutional arrangements have evolved for specific types of facilities and organizations.


b) Importance of cost of capital in project selection: The cost of various capital sources varies from company to company, and depends on factors such as its operating history, profitability, credit worthiness, etc. In general, newer enterprises with limited operating histories will have higher costs of capital than established companies with a solid track record, since lenders and investors will demand a higher risk premium for the


c) Principles employed by organisations to manage working capital:Implementing an effective working capital management system is an excellent way for many companies to improve their earnings. The two main aspects of working



Q. 5. What are the problems associated with BOOT projects.

Answer: A BOOT funding model involves a single organisation, or consortium (BOOT provider) designing, building, funding, owning and operating the scheme for a defined period of time and then transferring this




Q. 6. Explain the different types of management contracts (a type of PPP )
List the types of management contracts
Explain each type of management contract

Answer:Project management contracts are legal agreements between you and your customers. You select which contract best suits the project and negotiate the terms. The contract spells out the duties of each party while the contract is in force. It tells how much income you earn and itemizes your expenses for that particular job. The contract terms can be fixed or fluctuate as your actual costs change. Project management contracts

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PM0011 -PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING

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Assignment

DRIVE
SPRING 2015
PROGRAM
MBADS (SEM 3/SEM 5) MBAFLEX/ MBA (SEM 3) PGDPMN (SEM 1)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
PM0011 – PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING
BK ID
B1937
CREDIT & MARKS
4 CREDITS & 60 MARKS


Q1. Write short notes on:
a)      Hierarchy of organisational objectives
Answer : The hierarchy of objectives is a tool that helps analyze and communicate the project objectives. It organizes these objectives into different levels of a hierarchy or tree. Different organizations use different names for the


b) Porter model - a tool for identifying investment opportunities
Answer : Michael Porter’s five forces model is based on the insight that a corporate strategy should meet the opportunities and threats in the organizations external environment. Especially, competitive strategy should based on an understanding of industry structures and the way they change.

c) Design phase of project management life cycle
Answer : Once the project has been approved, a deadline has been set, and the scope has been agreed upon, then the project planning phase of the project management life cycle begins. The project planning phase consists of the following steps:



d) Scope change
Answer : Scope Change is an official decision made by the project manager and the client to change a feature X to expand or reduce it's functionality. Generally, scope change involves making adjustments to the cost, budget, other features, or the timeline.
A scope change request is used to request an addition or subtraction to the agreed upon scope of work agreed upon for a project. Scope change requests may be managed as part of a pre-defined scope change process outlined as part of the Project



2 Budget Estimation of ABC Company Ltd.

ABC Company Ltd., established in 1985, is engaged in the manufacturing of leather accessories. Over the years, the company, which started out as a local firm,has made its mark as an international corporation. However, the company is still working as a traditional set up.
The high quality and durability of products have increased the demand of the products in the market. As the production of the organisation is being increased to meet the demand, the traditional set up is creating hurdles in the production process.
Organisation conflicts have arisen among the team members because of the unorganised hierarchical structure of the company, which is affecting the output of the organisation. Now that the management has decided to expand the business and opened up branches abroad, the company is facing two more problems. The first problem is in budgeting as the company is unfamiliar with international market conditions, strategy, and business policy while the second problem is conflicts at the time of team formation due to lack of experience of and exposure to multinational work
culture, which has further affected the output of the company.
The company can estimate the budget through two methods, the bottom - up approach
and the top - down approach. The bottom -up approach is generally followed by the MNCs as it is more accurate and reliable.
Mr.Parag has been appointed as the country head of the company and he has also been assigned the responsibility of incorporating the advanced project set up in the organisation.


Questions:

 Which project estimation approach should be used by the company and why?
Bottom-up estimating (also called detail or resource-driven estimating)

The estimator breaks a project into distinct line items, and then breaks those line items into smaller, distinct line items, and so on, until he or she arrives at



Top-down estimating (also called parametric estimating)




2. What type of project organisation structure should be used by the company and why?
·         Flat Organizational Structure: Many small companies use a flat organizational structure, where very few levels of management separate executives from analysts, secretaries and lower-level employees. Flat organizations



3 What is the importance of operational feasibility? Explain the factors that affect operational feasibility.
Answer: Operational feasibility is as important as technical feasibility (or any other kind of feasibility for that matter), and yet it can be the first thing to get brushed under the carpet. The conversation changes and that ‘intelligent system’ everyone was discussing is transformed back into a mere ‘thing’: a deliverable to drop into the organisation. We’ll



4 Write short notes on
a)      Crashing
Answer: Crashing Definition




B) Precedence diagramming method
Answer: The precedence diagram method (PDM) is a tool for scheduling activities in a project plan. It is a method of constructing a project schedule network diagram that uses boxes, referred to as nodes, to represent activities and connects them with arrows that show the dependencies. It is also called the activity


b)      Resource allocation
Answer: The resources of an organization consist of people, materials, equipment, knowledge and time. Organizations typically have limited resources; therefore, tradeoffs on what project resources


c)       Scope creep
Answer: Scope creep – also known as feature creep, focus creep, creeping functionality and kitchen-sink syndrome – can sneak up, morph and destroy a project.
Project Scope Defined
·          
·         .



5 What do you understand by cost of quality? Elaborate on various types of costs of quality associated with a project.
Answer: The term “quality costs” has different meanings to different people. Some equate “quality costs” with the costs of poor quality due to finding and correcting defective work. Others equate the term with the costs to attain good quality. Others use the term to mean the costs of running the quality department. In my site, the term "quality costs" means the cost of poor quality.




6 Explain some of ISO standards that should be considered by the project manager during project execution. List the advantages of project management software.

Answer:  Management system standards: ISO management system standards provide a model to follow when setting up and operating a management system. Like all our standards, they are the result of international, expert consensus and therefore offer the benefit of global management experience and good practice. These standards can be applied to any organisation, large or small, whatever the product or service and regardless of the sector of

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PM0010 – INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT

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ASSIGNMENT

DRIVE
SPRING 2015
PROGRAM
MBADS (SEM 3/SEM 5)
MBAFLEX/ MBA (SEM 3)
PGDPMN (SEM 1)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
PM 0010 – INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT
BK ID
B1936
CREDITS& MARKS
4 CREDITS & 60 MARKS


Note –Please provide keywords, short answer, specific terms, specific examples and marks break - up (wherever necessary)

Note –Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.


Q. 1. Write short notes on:

a) Project charter:In project management, a project charter, project definition, or project statement is a statement of the scope, objectives, and participants in a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of


b)Management by objectives in project management:Management known as management by results (MBR), is a process of defining objectives within an organization so that management and employees agree to the objectives and understand what they need to do in the organization in order to achieve them. The term "


c) Project Management life cycle: Project management is the process and activity of planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling resources, procedures and protocols to achieve specific goals in scientific or daily problems. A project is a temporary endeavor designed to produce a unique product, service or result

d) Contingency plan: A contingency plan is a plan devised for an outcome other than in the usual (expected) plan. It is often used for risk management when an exceptional risk that, though unlikely, would have catastrophic



Q. 2. Explain the steps in project selection

Answer:The responsibility is with the leadership team of the organization. Typically, they establish a steering committee that overlooks the process of selecting projects, including project monitoring, and directly reporting to the CEO – if the CEO is


Q. 3. Explain the UNIDO approach of SCBA(Social Cost Benefit Analysis).
Explain the 5 stages of UNIDO approach

Answer:The UNIDO guidelines provide a comprehensive framework for appraisal of projects and examine their desirability and merit by using different yardsticks in a step-wise manner.The desirability is examined from various angles, such as the impact on

a)      Financialprofitability of utilization of domestic resources,
b)      Savings and consumption pattern,
c)       Income distribution, and
d)       
e)       




Q. 4. What is contract administration? What are the inputs, tools and techniques used in contract administration to derive the outputs?

Answer:Contract management or contract administration is the management of contracts made with customers, vendors, partners, or employees. The personnel involved in Contract Administration required to negotiate, support and manage effective contracts are expensive to train and retain. Contract management includes negotiating the



Q. 5. Answer the following questions:

1. Which are the sources of financing infrastructure projects?

Answer: There are broadly two major sources of financing for infrastructure projects: public finance and private finance. The governments both at the central and provincial levels have been the major source of funding for infrastructure projects in developing countries like India. Plans for investment to various infrastructure sectors are undertaken by the governments through formal planning exercise wherein allocation of budget is done. The budgetary allocation is influenced to a great extent on the emphasis by the government to accelerate or promote growth in certain sectors which are categorized as high p



2. What are the steps involved in designing a monitoring system to identify deviations in the overall performance of the project.

Answer: Steps involved in designing a monitoring system:

The establishment or improvement of systems for data collection require careful planning to ensure that the implementation proceeds in comprehensive, cost-effective and timely ways. This involves a range of tasks that can be encompassed within a project cycle framework from identification and analysis of needs, through project formulation


Q. 6. What the activities involved in project termination process?
Explain the

Answer:Termination of a project is inevitable, but how it is terminated and when may have a profound and long lasting impact on the organization and its employees. The success of future projects may depend on not only the success of past ones, but also on how unsuccessful projects were treated by the organization and its stakeholders. Firms have the option of initiating a variety of entrepreneurial projects with varying degrees of

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Elective: Information Technology (Part -1)

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National Institute of Business Management
Chennai - 020
EMBA/ MBA

Elective: Information Technology (Part -1)

Attend any 4 questions.  Each question carries 25 marks
(Each answer should be of minimum 2 pages / of 300 words)


1.            Explain the  impact of the information age on the workforce.

Answer: The Information Age has impacted the workforce in several ways. First, it has created a situation in which workers who perform easily automated tasks are being forced to find work that is less automated. Secondly, workers are being forced to compete in a global job market. Thirdly, workers are being replaced by computers that can do the job more effectively and faster. This poses problems for workers in industrial societies



2.            Explain Database Management System.

Answer: A database management system (DBMS) is system software for creating and managing databases. The DBMS provides users and programmers with a systematic way to create, retrieve, update and manage data.

A DBMS makes it possible for end users to create, read, update and delete data in a database. The DBMS essentially serves as an



3.            What are the parts of an Information System? Explain.
Answer: Information systems are made out of components that can be assembled in many different configurations. Turban et al. (2006) think of this as being similar to the construction of a house. Much as construction materials can be assembled to build different homes, so can the basic building blocks for information and communication technology (ICT) be used to create information systems. Boddy et al. (2005) identify these main building blocks as:
·         hardware
·         software



4.            Write an essay on Transforming Distance Education to Distributed Learning.

Answer: The development of high performance computing and communications is creating new media, such as the World Wide Web and virtual realities. In turn, these new media enable new types of messages and experiences; for example, interpersonal interactions in immersive, synthetic environments lead to the formation of virtual communities. The innovative kinds of pedagogy empowered by these emerging media, messages, and experiences make possible a transformation of conventional distance education—


5.            Explain Information Technology – Trends.
Answer:

6.            How is information systems, differentiated from computer and IT disciplines ? Explain.
Answer:
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Elective: Information Technology (Part -2)

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Send your semester & Specialization name to our mail id :
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National Institute of Business Management
Chennai - 020
EMBA/ MBA

Elective: Information Technology (Part -2)

Attend any 4 questions.  Each question carries 25 marks
(Each answer should be of minimum 2 pages / of 300 words)


1.            Write an essay on the role of the IT Industry .
Answer: Information technology, and the hardware and software associated with the IT industry, are an integral part of nearly every major global industry.


Information technology, and the hardware and software associated with the IT industry, are an integral part of nearly every major global







2.            Explain how the government will enable a paradigm shift to “Hub to Globally Competitive value services” as against talent provider (Long Term National IT.
Answer:


3.            What are the applications of technology to advanced skills? Explain?
Answer: More than three decades ago, computers and related information technologies were introduced to educators as educational tools. Today, there are computers of various descriptions in nearly all schools in the United States. Teachers, school administrators, government officials, and others faced with the costs involved






Q4.         Explain the commercial advantage of Web.
Answer: Websites have many advantages that include but are not limited to publishing and organizing company information, as a central repository for files, as an online system that allow users to execute commands and order products.
Website for marketing and sales


5.            What has to be done when planning to open an e-commerce site?Explain.
Answer:


6.            Explain the dimension of e business.

Answer: The way business or commerce gets conducted has undergone a great deal of change due to the advent of information and communication revolution. In the last two decades or so there has been a phenomenal growth in e-commerce. Electronic commerce or e-commerce consists of buying selling and auction of various products and services through an online medium such as the internet. The payment of transaction is done through a secure online payment system. All or majorities of today’s companies either have websites or

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QM0022: TQM TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

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Assignment

DRIVE
SPRING 2015
PROGRAM
MBA (SEM 3)
SEMESTER
3
SUBJECT CODE & NAME
QM0022: TQM TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
BK ID
B1929
CREDIT & MARKS
4 CREDITS & 60 MARKS

Note: Answer all questions. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

1 Describe the principles of Total Quality Management (TQM).
Answer: The basic principles for the Total Quality Management (TQM) philosophy of doing business are to satisfy the customer, satisfy the supplier, and continuously improve the business processes.

Satisfy the customer
The first and major TQM principle is to satisfy the


Q2  List the seven basic quality control tools. Describe any three of them.

Answer: The Seven Basic Tools of Quality is a designation given to a fixed set of graphical techniques identified as being most helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality. They are called basic because they are suitable for people with little formal training in statistics and because they can be used to solve the vast majority of quality-related issues.




Q3 Write short notes on the following:

(a) Quality Circle
Answer: A quality circle is a group of workers who do the same or similar work, who meet regularly to identify, analyze and solve work-related problems. Normally small in size, the group is usually led by a supervisor or manager and



(b) Six Sigma Methodology
Answer: Six Sigma has two key methodologies:
·        DMAIC: It refers to a data-driven quality strategy for improving processes. This methodology is used to improve an existing business process.
·        DMADV: It refers to a data-driven quality strategy for designing products & processes. This methodology is used




Q4 . What is meant by ‘Kaizen’? What are the benefits of Kaizen? Explain the ‘PDCA’ cycle.

Answer: The word “Kai” refers to “change” and the word “Zen” means “good”. Thus, kaizen is a Japanese word meaning “improvement” or “change for the better” which refers to the beliefs or practises that focus upon the continuous improvement of various processes. Continuous Improvement Process, also termed as kaizen, is defined as a




Q5. What is ‘FMEA’? Explain the concept of ‘Risk Priority Number’.

Answer: Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic, proactive method of evaluating a process. An FMEA identifies the opportunities for failure, or "failure modes," in each step of the process. Each failure mode gets a numeric score that quantifies (a) likelihood that the failure will occur, (b) likelihood that the failure will not be detected, and (c


Q6. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Benchmarking
Answer: Benchmarking is the process of measuring products, services, and processes against those of organizations known to be leaders in one or more aspects of their operations. Benchmarking provides necessary insights to help you understand how


(b) Just – In – Time (JIT)

Answer: Just in time (JIT) is a production strategy that strives to improve a business' return on investment by reducing in-process inventory and associated carrying costs. Just in time is a type of operations management approach which originated in Japan in the 1950s. It was adopted by Toyota and other Japanese manufacturing firms, with excellent results: Toyota and other companies that adopted the approach ended up raising productivity (

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